登录连接 CDB 和 PDB

SYS@orcl> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf

7 rows selected.

SYS@orcl> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
SYS@orcl>

1.1 设置 ORACLE_SID
配置 ORACLE_SID,使用 OS 验证连接 cdb1
[oracle@orcl19c:/home/oracle]$ export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
[oracle@orcl19c:/home/oracle]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

[oracle@orcl19c:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

dbca 建库后， tnsnames.ora 中已经增加了 ORCL
[oracle@orcl19c:/home/oracle]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER_ORCL =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl19C)(PORT = 1521))


ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl19C)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

[oracle@orcl19c:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@ORCL as sysdba

SYS@ORCL> select name,cdb from v$database;

NAME      CDB
--------- ---
ORCL      YES

SYS@ORCL>  show con_name

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SYS@ORCL> show con_id

CON_ID
------------------------------
1

SYS@ORCL> select name,con_id,open_mode from v$pdbs;

NAME                               CON_ID OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
PDB$SEED                                2 READ ONLY

SYS@ORCL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO

方法一:alter session set container
SYS@cdb1> alter session set container=pdb1;
SYS@cdb1> show con_name

方法二:使用服务名连接
查看 pdb1 服务名
SYS@cdb1> select name,con_id from v$services;
ezconnect 方式
使用 ezconnect 的方式，明确指定主机名（ip 地址）、端口号、服务名
[oracle@orcl19c ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@192.168.30.81:1521/pdb1 as sysdba

配置 tnsnames.ora 增加 pdb1
编写客户端网络配置文件 tnsnames.ora，增加 pdb1 的配置
[oracle@orcl19c ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@orcl19c admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
pdb1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl19C)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
  
sqlplus 通过服务名连接 pdb1
[oracle@orcl19c ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@pdb1 as sysdba
SYS@pdb1> show con_name
SYS@pdb1> show pdbs

cdb 使用 connect 命令切换到 pdb
查看当前容器
SYS@cdb1> show pdbs
sqlplus 中使用 connect 命令直接切换到 pdb1
SYS@cdb1> conn sys/oracle@pdb1 as sysdba
SYS@pdb1> show pdbs

1.7.1 方法一:alter session set container
SYS@pdb1> alter session set container=cdb$root;
SYS@pdb1> show pdbs

建议通过服务名的方式切换或连接
SYS@pdb1> conn sys/oracle@cdb1 as sysdba