英文文法学习笔记（6）五大句型

1. He got to London yesterday.

2. He got angry.

3. He got a newspaper.

4. He got me a newspaper.

5. He got his children ready.

6. Amy lives in this town.

7. My older brother usually goes to bed at ten.

8. In Florida, it usually rains for about an hour every day during the hottest season.

9. Here comes a bus.

10. There are many books on the shelf.

11. Here you are.

12. Life in Taiwan has changed a lot during the last ten years.

13. The poor little girl ran away from the two-headed snake in a fright.

14. He lay still on the bed.

15. My uncle stayed a bachelor all his life.

16. At last my dream has come true.

17. As we grow older, our memories become weaker.

18. The milk has gone sour.

19. I fell asleep in class yesterday.

20. The child seemed tired.
=> The child seemed to be tired.
=> It seemed that the child was tired.

🌟21. She seems to be an American.

22. She appeared to know nothing about it.
=> It appeared that she knew nothing about it.

23. Ice feels hard and cold.

24. This flower smells very sweet.

25. This medicine tastes bitter.

26. How does the little tiger look? It looks cute.

27. What does the little tiger look like? It looks like a cat.

28. It feels like fur.

29. I don't feel like taking a walk now.

30. After taking medicine, I am feeling much better.

31. They look very lively in the pictures which I took.

32. The problem of air pollution in cities has become more and more serious.

33. I want to see a movie.
=> I feel like seeing a movie.
=> I would like to see a movie.

34. I don't feel like it.

35. I didn't understand the meaning of his words.

36. The man robbed him of all his money.
=> He was robbed of all his money.

37. My mother will take care of the puppy.

38. I dreamed a strange dream last night.

39. I slept a sound sleep in the soft bed.

40. She lived an unhappy life.

41. He died a miserable death.

42. They fought a good fight.

43. She smiled a sweet smile.

44. Every afternoon a vender drives a pickup to our community to sell vegetables.

45. He knows every one of us in our neighborhood, and every one of us knows him, too.

46. He handed the clerk the money.
=> He handed the money to the clerk.

47. The teacher recommended us the book.
=> The teacher recommended the book to us.

48. She made her daughter a new dress.
=> She made a new dress for her daughter.

49. Can you spare me a few minutes?
=> Can you spare a few minutes for me?

50. He asked me a strange question.
=> He asked a strange question of me.

51. He threw me a stone.
=> He threw a stone at me.

52. He played me a trick.
=> He played a trick on me.

53. Would you please pass it to me?

54. I'll buy it to you.

55. He told me how to stop smoking.

56. He told us that he would leave for America soon.
=> He told us he would leave for America soon.

57. His parents left him a big fortune.
=> His parents left a big fortune for him.

58. She sent her friends and her husband's friends a lot of Christmas cards.
=> She sent a lot of Christmas cards for her friends and her husband's friends.

59. They found that stranger a spy.

60. We must always keep the classroom clean.

61. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

62. I'm going to paint my house white tomorrow.

63. I can't make him understand it.

🌟64. I can't make myself understood in English.

65. He wouldn't let his daughter go out alone.

66. He let the work be done soon.

67. You don't have to do it by yourself, I'll get him to help you to finish it.
=> You don't have to do it by yourself, I'll get him to help you finish it.

68. I had my hair cut.

69. I had my money stolen.

70. I heard my mother humming a tune.

71. I heard something crash against the wall.

72. I saw the boy punished by his father.

73. Frequent demonstrations have made the traffic in Taipei worse.

74. The children always consider their house a heaven.

75. The management want all the employees to be punctual.

vt/vi 由受词（O）判断；完全/不完全 由补语（C）判断。

I love you.		S + V + O, love(vt.)
I cried.		cried(vi.)
I go with you.	go(vi.)

I am a teacher.	S + V + C (我是老师=老师是我)

英文四大要素：S、V、O、C。
S = Subject
V = Verb
O = Object
C = Complement

every day
everyday

时间副词，小单位在前。

有：{
	拥有（have/has）
	存在（beV）
}

注意：There be ... 及 Here be ... 的句型，是由第一句型（S + V）演变而来。其中there, here只能视为具有副词功能的修饰语。
老外习惯将here、there放在句首。

第二句型的动词也叫连缀动词，分为下面四种：
1）表状态
be, lie, sit, stand, stay, rest, remain, keep 等。

2）表状态变化
come, become, go, get, grow, make, turn, fall, run 等。

3）表“似乎..”
seem, appear 等。
主词 + seem/appear + 形容词 ...
主词 + seem/appear + to V ...
It seems/appear that + 主词 + 动词 ...

4）表“..起来”
feel, look, smell, taste, sound 等。

注意：
1⃣️feel, look, smell, taste, sound ...
feel（look...） + 形容词				...起来 怎么样？
feel（look...）+ like + 名词			...起来像..

2⃣️feel的用法：
feel like + 名词	 -> 摸起来像...
feel like + 名词/V-ing	 -> 想要...
be feeling + 形容词 -> 渐渐觉得...(主词须为人)

🌟小知识：
lie，说谎；躺；
当用于“说谎”意思时，动词三态：lie -> lied -> lied
当用于“躺”意思时，动词三态：lie -> lay -> lain

此句型中的动词后须有受词，但不需补语。

重点：动词（dream, sleep, live, die, fight, smile 等）+ 同族受词

dreamed 	dream 
slept 		sleep
lived 		life
died  		death
fought 		fight
smiled 		smile

此句型中的动词为授予动词，其后有两个受词。一为间接受词（人），一为直接受词（物）。

授予动词之后的介系词可分为下列几项：
1）介系词 to
allow, promise, award, read, give, recommend, grant, sell, hand, send, lend, show, pass, teach, pay, tell, write

2）介系词 for
bring, get, buy, leave, call, make, choose, order, cook, prepare, do, save, find, spare

3）其他介系词
ask, throw, play

重点：直接受词（物）若改为代名词，只能用句型：<直接受词 + 介系词 + 间接受词>
名词片语、名词子句也可当直接受词。

leave 离开
leave for 前往

离开台湾去往美国
leave Taiwan for America.

leaves{
	leaf（叶子，单数） -> leaves(复数)
	leaves 是leave的三单，eg：He leaves classroom after class.
}

此句型中的动词需要受词，且受词之后需要补语补充说明，即受词补语。

重点：使役动词，感官动词用不定词，分词当受词补语。
1）使役动词
make/have + O + {
	原形不定词（受词主动）
	P.P. (受词被动)
}

let + O + {
	原形不定词（受词主动）
	be + P.P. (受词被动)
}

get + O + {
	to 不定词（受词主动）
	P.P. (受词被动)
}

2）感官动词
{feel, see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to} + O + {
	原形不定词（主动）
	现在分词（主动）
	过去分词（被动）
}

employee 雇员；
employer 雇主；

make + O + 形
want + O + to V

注意：每个动词的用法，背单词的时候都要记忆积累。