万字长文，SpringSecurity

原创

mySoul

修改于 2020-06-30 10:15:21

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文章被收录于专栏：mySoulmySoul

思维导图如下

RBAC权限分析

RBAC 全称为基于角色的权限控制，本段将会从什么是RBAC，模型分类，什么是权限，用户组的使用，实例分析等几个方面阐述RBAC

思维导图

绘制思维导图如下

什么是RBAC

RBAC 全称为用户角色权限控制，通过角色关联用户，角色关联权限，这种方式，间阶的赋予用户的权限，如下图所示

对于通常的系统而言，存在多个用户具有相同的权限，在分配的时候，要为指定的用户分配相关的权限，修改的时候也要依次的对这几个用户的权限进行修改，有了角色这个权限，在修改权限的时候，只需要对角色进行修改，就可以实现相关的权限的修改。这样做增加了效率，减少了权限漏洞的发生。

模型分类

对于RBAC模型来说，分为以下几个模型分别是RBAC0，RBAC1，RBAC2，RBAC3，这四个模型，这段将会依次介绍这四个模型，其中最常用的模型有RBAC0.

RBAC0

RBAC0是最简单的RBAC模型，这里面包含了两种。

用户和角色是多对一的关系，即一个用户只充当一种角色，一个角色可以有多个角色的担当。

用户和角色是多对多的关系，即，一个用户可以同时充当多个角色，一个角色可以有多个用户。

此系统功能单一，人员较少，这里举个栗子，张三既是行政，也负责财务，此时张三就有俩个权限，分别是行政权限，和财务权限两个部分。

RBAC1

相对于RBAC0模型来说，增加了子角色，引入了继承的概念。

RBAC2 模型

这里RBAC2模型，在RBAC0模型的基础上，增加了一些功能，以及限制

角色互斥

即，同一个用户不能拥有两个互斥的角色，举个例子，在财务系统中，一个用户不能拥有会计员和审计这两种角色。

基数约束

即，用一个角色，所拥有的成员是固定的，例如对于CEO这种角色，同一个角色，也只能有一个用户。

先决条件

即，对于该角色来说，如果想要获得更高的角色，需要先获取低一级别的角色。举个栗子，对于副总经理和经理这两个权限来说，需要先有副总经理权限，才能拥有经理权限，其中副总经理权限是经理权限的先决条件。

运行时互斥

即，一个用户可以拥有两个角色，但是这俩个角色不能同时使用，需要切换角色才能进入另外一个角色。举个栗子，对于总经理和专员这两个角色，系统只能在一段时间，拥有其一个角色，不能同时对这两种角色进行操作。

RBAC3模型

即，RBAC1，RBAC2，两者模型全部累计，称为统一模型。

什么是权限

权限是资源的集合，这里的资源指的是软件中的所有的内容，即，对页面的操作权限，对页面的访问权限，对数据的增删查改的权限。举个栗子。对于下图中的系统而言，

拥有，计划管理，客户管理，合同管理，出入库通知单管理，粮食安全追溯，粮食统计查询，设备管理这几个页面，对这几个页面的访问，以及是否能够访问到菜单，都属于权限。

用户组的使用

对于用户组来说，是把众多的用户划分为一组，进行批量授予角色，即，批量授予权限。举个栗子，对于部门来说，一个部门拥有一万多个员工，这些员工都拥有相同的角色，如果没有用户组，可能需要一个个的授予相关的角色，在拥有了用户组以后，只需要，把这些用户全部划分为一组，然后对该组设置授予角色，就等同于对这些用户授予角色。

优点：减少工作量，便于理解，增加多级管理，等。

SpringSecurity 简单使用

首先添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

然后添加相关的访问接口

package com.example.demo.web;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class Test {
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(){
        return "test";
    }
}

最后启动项目，在日志中查看相关的密码

访问接口，可以看到相关的登录界面

输入用户名和相关的密码

用户名： user
密码 984cccf2-ba82-468e-a404-7d32123d0f9c

登录成功

增加用户名和密码

在配置文件中，书写相关的登录和密码

spring:
  security:
    user:
      name: ming
      password: 123456
      roles: admin
	  在登录页面，输入用户名和密码，即可正常登录基于内存的认证需要自定义类继承 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 代码如下

package com.example.demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration

public class MyWebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Bean

PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){

    return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();

@Override

protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {

    auth.inMemoryAuthentication()

            .withUser("admin").password("123").roles("admin");

}

即，配置的用户名为admin，密码为123，角色为admin

## HttpSecurity
这里对一些方法进行拦截

package com.ming.demo.interceptor;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.rememberme.TokenBasedRememberMeServices;

@Configuration

@EnableWebSecurity

public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

//基于内存的用户存储

@Override

public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {

    auth.inMemoryAuthentication()

            .withUser("itguang").password("123456").roles("USER").and()

            .withUser("admin").password("{noop}" + "123456").roles("ADMIN");

//请求拦截

@Override

protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

    http.authorizeRequests()

            .anyRequest().permitAll()

            .and()

            .formLogin()

            .permitAll()

            .and()

            .logout()

            .permitAll();

}

即，这里完成了对所有的方法访问的拦截。


# SpringSecurity 集成JWT
这是一个小demo，目的，登录以后返回jwt生成的token

## 导入依赖
添加web依赖[![](https://www.iming.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/wp_editor_md_94f9c4a9052e96e4e28f7cd7f5a0774d.jpg)](https://www.iming.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/wp_editor_md_94f9c4a9052e96e4e28f7cd7f5a0774d.jpg)


导入JWT和Security依赖

    <dependency>

        <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>

        <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>

        <version>0.9.1</version>

    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-security -->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>

        <version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

## 创建一个JwtUser实现UserDetails
创建 一个相关的JavaBean

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.Collection;

public class JwtUser implements UserDetails {

private String username;

private String password;

private Integer state;

private Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;

public JwtUser(){

public JwtUser(String username, String password, Integer state,  Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities){

    this.username = username;

    this.password = password;

    this.state = state;

    this.authorities = authorities;

@Override

public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {

    return authorities;

@Override

public String getPassword() {

    return this.password;

@Override

public String getUsername() {

    return this.username;

@Override

public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {

    return true;

@Override

public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {

    return true;

@Override

public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {

    return true;

@Override

public boolean isEnabled() {

    return true;

}

## 编写工具类生成令牌
编写工具类，用来生成token，以及刷新token，以及验证token

package com.example.demo;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;

import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;

import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

public class JwtTokenUtil implements Serializable {

private String secret;

private Long expiration;

private String header;

private String generateToken(Map<String, Object> claims) {

    Date expirationDate = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration);

    return Jwts.builder().setClaims(claims).setExpiration(expirationDate).signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret).compact();

private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) {

    Claims claims;

    try {

        claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();

    } catch (Exception e) {

        claims = null;

    return claims;

public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {

    Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>(2);

    claims.put("sub", userDetails.getUsername());

    claims.put("created", new Date());

    return generateToken(claims);

public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {

    String username;

    try {

        Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);

        username = claims.getSubject();

    } catch (Exception e) {

        username = null;

    return username;

public Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {

    try {

        Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);

        Date expiration = claims.getExpiration();

        return expiration.before(new Date());

    } catch (Exception e) {

        return false;

public String refreshToken(String token) {

    String refreshedToken;

    try {

        Claims claims = getClaimsFromToken(token);

        claims.put("created", new Date());

        refreshedToken = generateToken(claims);

    } catch (Exception e) {

        refreshedToken = null;

    return refreshedToken;

public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {

    JwtUser user = (JwtUser) userDetails;

    String username = getUsernameFromToken(token);

    return (username.equals(user.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token));

}

## 编写拦截器
编写Filter 用来检测JWT

package com.example.demo;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;

import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetailsSource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

@Component

public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

@Autowired

private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

@Autowired

private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;

@Override

protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {

    String authHeader = httpServletRequest.getHeader(jwtTokenUtil.getHeader());

    if (authHeader != null && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(authHeader)) {

        String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(authHeader);

        if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {

            UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);

            if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(authHeader, userDetails)) {

                UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication  =

                new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails,null,userDetails.getAuthorities());

                authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(httpServletRequest));

                SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);

    filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);

}

## 编写userDetailsService的实现类
在上方代码中，编写userDetailsService，类，实现其验证过程

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.management.relation.Role;

import java.util.List;

@Service

public class JwtUserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

@Autowired

private UserMapper userMapper;

@Override

public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {

    User user = userMapper.selectByUserName(s);

    if (user == null) {

        throw new UsernameNotFoundException(String.format("'%s'.这个用户不存在", s));

    List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> collect = user.getRoles().stream().map(Role::getRolename).map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toList());

    return new JwtUser(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), user.getState(), collect);

}

## 编写登录

编写登录业务的实现类 其login方法会返回一个JWTUtils 的token

@Service

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

@Autowired

private UserMapper userMapper;

@Autowired

private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

@Autowired

private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

@Autowired

private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;

public User findByUsername(String username) {

    User user = userMapper.selectByUserName(username);

    return user;

public RetResult login(String username, String password) throws AuthenticationException {

    UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken upToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);

    final Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(upToken);

    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);

    UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);

    return new RetResult(RetCode.SUCCESS.getCode(),jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails));

}

## 最后配置Config

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)

@EnableWebSecurity

public class WebSecurity extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Autowired

private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

@Autowired

private JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;

@Autowired

public void configureAuthentication(AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder) throws Exception {

    authenticationManagerBuilder.userDetailsService(this.userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());

@Bean(name = BeanIds.AUTHENTICATION_MANAGER)

@Override

public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {

    return super.authenticationManagerBean();

@Bean

public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {

    return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();

@Override

protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

    http.csrf().disable().sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)

            .and().authorizeRequests()

            .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").permitAll()

            .antMatchers("/auth/**").permitAll()

            .anyRequest().authenticated()

            .and().headers().cacheControl();

    http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

    ExpressionUrlAuthorizationConfigurer<HttpSecurity>.ExpressionInterceptUrlRegistry registry = http.authorizeRequests();

    registry.requestMatchers(CorsUtils::isPreFlightRequest).permitAll();

@Bean

public CorsFilter corsFilter() {

    final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource urlBasedCorsConfigurationSource = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();

    final CorsConfiguration cors = new CorsConfiguration();

    cors.setAllowCredentials(true);

    cors.addAllowedOrigin("*");

    cors.addAllowedHeader("*");

    cors.addAllowedMethod("*");

    urlBasedCorsConfigurationSource.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", cors);

    return new CorsFilter(urlBasedCorsConfigurationSource);

}

## 运行，返回token
运行，返回结果为token[![](https://www.iming.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/wp_editor_md_ec49f8d680cf76177fa79baa2f561e5b.jpg)](https://www.iming.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/wp_editor_md_ec49f8d680cf76177fa79baa2f561e5b.jpg)


# SpringSecurity JSON登录
这里配置SpringSecurity之JSON登录

这里需要重写UsernamePasswordAnthenticationFilter类，以及配置SpringSecurity

## 重写UsernamePasswordAnthenticationFilter

public class CustomAuthenticationFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {

@Override

public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {

    //attempt Authentication when Content-Type is json

    if(request.getContentType().equals(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)

            ||request.getContentType().equals(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)){

        //use jackson to deserialize json

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = null;

        try (InputStream is = request.getInputStream()){

            AuthenticationBean authenticationBean = mapper.readValue(is,AuthenticationBean.class);

            authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(

                    authenticationBean.getUsername(), authenticationBean.getPassword());

        }catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(

                    "", "");

        }finally {

            setDetails(request, authRequest);

            return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);

    //transmit it to UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

    else {

        return super.attemptAuthentication(request, response);

}

## 配置SecurityConfig

@Override

protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

http

        .cors().and()

        .antMatcher("/**").authorizeRequests()

        .antMatchers("/", "/login**").permitAll()

        .anyRequest().authenticated()

        //这里必须要写formLogin()，不然原有的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter不会出现，也就无法配置我们重新的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

        .and().formLogin().loginPage("/")

        .and().csrf().disable();

//用重写的Filter替换掉原有的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

http.addFilterAt(customAuthenticationFilter(),

UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

}

//注册自定义的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter

@Bean

CustomAuthenticationFilter customAuthenticationFilter() throws Exception {

CustomAuthenticationFilter filter = new CustomAuthenticationFilter();

filter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler(new SuccessHandler());

filter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler(new FailureHandler());

filter.setFilterProcessesUrl("/login/self");

//这句很关键，重用WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter配置的AuthenticationManager，不然要自己组装AuthenticationManager

filter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationManagerBean());

return filter;

}

这样就完成使用json登录SpringSecurity

# Spring Security 密码加密方式
需要在Config 类中配置如下内容

/**

 * 密码加密
 */
@Bean
public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
    return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}即，使用此方法，对密码进行加密， 在业务层的时候，使用此加密的方法@Service
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

@Resource

private UserRepository userRepository;

@Resource

private BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder;  //注入bcryct加密

@Override

public User add(User user) {

    user.setPassword(bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode(user.getPassword())); //对密码进行加密

    User user2 = userRepository.save(user);

    return user2;

@Override

public ResultInfo login(User user) {

    ResultInfo resultInfo=new ResultInfo();

    User user2 = userRepository.findByName(user.getName());

    if (user2==null) {

        resultInfo.setCode("-1");

        resultInfo.setMessage("用户名不存在");

        return resultInfo;

    //判断密码是否正确

    if (!bCryptPasswordEncoder.matches(user.getPassword(),user2.getPassword())) {

        resultInfo.setCode("-1");

        resultInfo.setMessage("密码不正确");

        return resultInfo;

    resultInfo.setMessage("登录成功");

    return resultInfo;

}

即，使用BCryptPasswordEncoder 对密码进行加密，保存数据库

# 使用数据库认证
这里使用数据库认证SpringSecurity

## 设计数据表
这里设计数据表

[![](https://www.iming.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/wp_editor_md_ff07d3ab8e10116f796fc8af57226d6b.jpg)](https://www.iming.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/wp_editor_md_ff07d3ab8e10116f796fc8af57226d6b.jpg)


## 着重配置SpringConfig

@Configurable

public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Autowired

private UserService userService;    // service 层注入

@Bean

PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){

    return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();

@Override

protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {

    // 参数传入Service，进行验证

    auth.userDetailsService(userService);

@Override

protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

    http.authorizeRequests()

            .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("admin")

            .anyRequest().authenticated()

            .and()

            .formLogin()

            .loginProcessingUrl("/login").permitAll()

            .and()

            .csrf().disable();

}

这里着重配置SpringConfig

小结

着重讲解了RBAC的权限配置，以及简单的使用SpringSecurity，以及使用SpringSecurity + JWT 完成前后端的分离，以及配置json登录，和密码加密方式，

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

java

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。